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The Imperial-Royal Mountain Troops ((ドイツ語:Kaiserlich-königlich Gebirgstruppe)) were founded in 1906 as part of the Austrian Landwehr, the territorial army of the Cisleithanian half of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. As a result the abbreviation "k.k." (for ''kaiserlich österreichisch, königlich böhmisch'' or "Imperial Austrian, Royal Bohemian") was used and not "k.u.k." ("Imperial and Royal") which would have implied a connexion with the Hungarian half of the Empire. Proposed in a memorandum by Conrad von Hötzendorf, in February 1906 the War Ministry in Vienna convened a session on Alpine border security. Field Marshal Tunk, agreed with him and put forward a concept, the fundamentals of which were then carried out. The existing state rifle regiments were to be trained as mountain troops and, together with the ''Landsturm'' border patrol companies and gendarmerie departments were to form the backbone of a territorial defence force with local knowledge on the border of Tyrol. == Formation and deployment on 1 Aug 1914 == On 1 May 1906 the two state rifle regiments with their HQs stationed in Bozen and Trient (now Bolzano and Trento, both in Italy) and the 4th Landwehr Infantry (Klagenfurt) were nominated as "high mountain troops" (''Hochgebirgstruppe'') and, in 1909, a third state rifle regiment, with its HQ stationed in Candido, was added. In 1911, the fifth regiment followed: the 27th Imperial-Royal Landwehr Infantry (Laibach).〔The Landwehr infantry regiments bore the location of their HQ as part of their name〕 The area of the Carnic ridge in Carinthia and the Julian Alps was assigned to the 4th Landwehr Infantry (Klagenfurt) and the 27th Landwehr Infantry (Ljubljana). These two, hitherto standard infantry regiments were given the new uniform of the mountain troops. From 11 April 1917 they bore the names 1st and 2nd Mountain Rifles. 1st Imperial-Royal State Rifles (Trient) (''k.k. Landesschützenregiment "Trient" Nr. I'') * Commanding Officer: Colonel Adolf Sloninka von Holodów * HQ / I Battalion in Trient * II Battalion in Strigno * III Battalion in Ala * IV Battalion in Rovereto 2nd Imperial-Royal State Rifles (Bozen) (''k.k. Landesschützenregiment "Bozen" Nr. II'') * Commanding Officer: Colonel Karl Josef Stiller * HQ / II Battalion in Bozen * I Battalion in Meran * III Battalion in Riva del Garda 3rd Imperial-Royal State Rifles (Innichen) (''k.k. Landesschützenregiment "Innichen" Nr. III'')〔Initially, only the 3rd Rifles had 4 battalions. This was transferred to the 1st Regiment before 1914 and moved from Innichen to Rovereto.〕 * Commanding Officer: Colonel Hugo Schönherr / Colonel Josef Hadaszczok * HQ in Innichen * I Battalion in Primör * II Battalion in Predazzo * III Battalion in Ampezzo Mounted Tyrolean State Rifle Division * Commanding Officer: Lieut. Colonel Moritz Srnka * Trient *4th Landwehr Infantry (Klagenfurt) (''Landwehr Infanterie Regiment "Klagenfurt" Nr. 4'') : 44th Infantry Brigade - 22nd Infantry Division - III Army Corps : Commanding Officer: Colonel Friedrich Eckhardt von Eckhardtsburg : Established: 1889 : HQ / III Baon in Klagenfurt : I / II Baon in Hermagor : Nationalities: 79% German - 21% Other : Recruiting district: Klagenfurt *27th Landwehr Infantry (Laibach) (''Landwehr Infanterie Regiment "Laibach" Nr. 27'') :44th Infantry Brigade - 22nd Infantry Division - III Army Corps : Commanding Officer: Colonel Karl Zahradniczek : Established: 1901 : HQ / I and III Baon in Laibach : II Baon in Görz : Nationalities: 86% Slovene - 14% Other : Recruiting district: Laibach The regiments began with high alpine training and moved into so-called summer stations in mountain inns, Alpine Club huts and tented camps, where they carried out intense training. The winter stations were naturally located in the valleys, but this did prevent there being a comprehensive programme of winter exercises, alpine skiing course and skiing training in the mountains. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Imperial-Royal Mountain Troops」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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